Romania Electricity Tariff API

How a household electricity price is built in Romania

Romania spent several years under a government price cap and compensation scheme for household electricity; that scheme ended in mid-2025 and household prices are now formed on the market, with the regulator continuing to set every network and levy component. Supply is competitive, but the regional structure of the distribution grid means the network half of the bill still depends on where an address is. Most of what a household pays that is not energy is set once a year by the regulator.

What a household bill is made of

1. 1

   Energy

   Freely set by the supplier since the cap ended, referenced to the national day-ahead market. Suppliers publish standard offers per tariff type; the energy component is roughly half of a typical household bill. A regulated last-resort supply exists for customers who do not choose an offer.

2. 2

   Network charges

   A distribution tariff set by the regulator per distribution operator, so the rate differs by region and is revised each January — recent years have seen increases in most regions and a decrease in at least one, in the same decision. On top sits a much smaller transmission tariff, also regulator-set, plus a system-services component.

3. 3

   Taxes and levies

   A cogeneration contribution, the cost of the green-certificate obligation supporting renewable generation, contract-for-difference costs for newer support schemes, and an excise duty. Together with VAT these make up roughly a fifth of a typical household bill.

4. 4

   VAT

   21%, the standard rate, applied on top of the regulator-published net tariffs.

Regulation shaping the price

• ANRE sets distribution and transmission tariffs annually, effective 1 January, and sets the cogeneration and green-certificate components that suppliers pass through.
• The price cap and compensation scheme that governed household bills from 2022 was allowed to lapse in mid-2025, moving households onto market-formed energy prices while leaving the regulated components untouched.
• Vulnerable-consumer support has been delivered through direct payment vouchers rather than through the tariff itself, so two households on the same tariff can pay different net amounts.
• Household prosumers settle surplus generation against consumption under a quantitative regime with the residual paid at a market-referenced price.